sipa changed the topic of #bitcoin-wizards to: This channel is for discussing theoretical ideas with regard to cryptocurrencies, not about short-term Bitcoin development | http://bitcoin.ninja/ | This channel is logged. | For logs and more information, visit http://bitcoin.ninja
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<gmaxwell> https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=1377298.0 [Schnorr] Signature aggregation for improved scalablity.
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<kanzure> woot i predicted an attack gmaxwell would bring up
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<kanzure> unfortunately my email arrived late because it got stuck in the moderation queue
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<Jeremy_Rand_2> Hey, sorry to potentially waste your time, but someone pointed this out to me: https://blockstack.org/blockstack.pdf ... and I was wondering if people here have seen it, and if it's as thoroughly broken as I assume it probably is.
<Jeremy_Rand_2> (Sec. 4.5 looks particularly sketchy at first glance)
<bsm117532> FWIW I know one of the authors and respect him, I would not assume it's crap at first glance, but I will look...
<Jeremy_Rand_2> I also dug up a GitHub issue where they're talking about what appears to have become Sec. 4.5: https://github.com/blockstack/blockstack-server/issues/1
<Jeremy_Rand_2> they appear to be using social media posts as a consensus-achieving mechanism...?
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<Jeremy_Rand_2> Yeah so looking at their paper sec. 4.5, they talk about a bunch of stuff they do with the consensus hash, but they hand wave over the fact that the consensus hash needs to be bootstrapped from a trusted source. At least, that's how I read it.
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<bsm117532> Yes, this community has a problem in general differentiating carefully thought-out ideas from "I've never written a line of code in my life, but I had this amazing idea on the shitter today!"
<Jeremy_Rand_2> bsm117532: I'm not 100% sure what you're referring to?
<bsm117532> Referencing blog posts, bitcointalk, reddit, mailing lists, twitter, IRC as sources of authoritative info. (or github)
<Jeremy_Rand_2> I can't tell if you're making fun of me or commenting about someone else. (Sorry, text-based communication is a bit ambiguous in tone.)
<bsm117532> Oh no not making fun of anyone.
<Jeremy_Rand_2> ok
<bsm117532> My background is academic...we have a process for separating the wheat from the chaff. This space is extremely noisy, and referencing random websites is part of the reason.
<bsm117532> And I'm going to read that paper tomorrow, it's interesting. Too tired now though.
<Jeremy_Rand_2> ok, no worries. I probably should get sleep too
<bsm117532> Sorry i can't offer any interesting comments on it tonight.
<Jeremy_Rand_2> I'll try to idle in here, feel free to ping me when/if you have comments on that paper
<bsm117532> Will do, sleep well.
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<fluffypony> bsm117532: it's borderline "just get the blockchain from a trusted peer" :-P
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<pigeons> thats what ethereum reccomends
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<instagibbs> Luke-Jr, " old nodes are presented with two equal options: follow the hardfork, or follow the softfork"
<instagibbs> can you back up and explain
<instagibbs> didn't catch it
<fluffypony> instagibbs: he's driving
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<jl2012> I think the softfork is "not to follow the hardfork"
<instagibbs> i dont get who is doing what there
<instagibbs> wrt soft-hardfork
<jl2012> if miners are abusing power to have a bad soft-hardfork, people will softfork themselves away from that fork
<instagibbs> oh i see
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<instagibbs> so no one is vanilla hard-forking
<instagibbs> "follow the soft-hardfork, or follow the softfork"
<jl2012> yes
<instagibbs> first blush I like it
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<instagibbs> you regain much of the power to reject such a change, without getting "left behind" on a weak PoW chain without taking action
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<jl2012> if there is no enough PoW left in the weak chain, it doesn't work
<jl2012> in that case, the choice will be soft-hardfork vs hardfork
<jl2012> either a difficulty reset, or a new PoW
<instagibbs> yep
<Luke-Jr> fluffypony: not yet
<instagibbs> jl2012, of course we should be comparing the failure modes of soft-hardfork vs hardfork
<jl2012> don't get your question
<instagibbs> it wasn't a question
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<instagibbs> soft-hardfork allows unaware users to stay on the "majority" PoW until action can be taken.
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<jl2012> in SHF, people will see empty blocks, can't receive any tx, and will see their txs never confirmed
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<jl2012> we may need to make tx with nVersion==1 non-standard (but still valid)
<Taek> can we pick a better name? I'm trying to imagine explaining this to reddit and it's not going well
<jl2012> Taek: you mean soft-hardfork?
<Taek> yeah
<jl2012> I think Luke-Jr likes this name. Me too
<Taek> I do like the concept though. If there's a hardfork that gets majority hashrate, the client should ~shut down until the user can figure out what's going on and what action should be taken
<instagibbs> yeah the txn thing may be a bit tricky. Users might "dump" all their funds in the soft-hardfork chain accidentally.
<neha> Has anyone seen this yet? "Enhancing Bitcoin Security and Performance with
<instagibbs> without seeing the chain
<neha> Strong Consistency via Collective Signing"
<jl2012> instagibbs: yes, so need to make old tx nonstatndard
<instagibbs> jl2012, you mean in softfork-softhardfork? (dangit we need better names :P )
<jl2012> what's that.....
<instagibbs> who is doing the nonstandardization, i mean
<instagibbs> the people softforking away from the softhardfork?
<instagibbs> malicious softhardforking wouldn't care enough I presume
<Taek> "ByzCoin employs communication trees to optimize transaction commitment and verification under normal operation while
<Taek> guaranteeing safety and liveness under Byzantine faults,
<Taek> up to a near-optimal tolerance of faulty group members
<Taek> among 3f+2 total." -> I haven't read more than the abstract but I get uncomfortable when I see things like 3f+2
<jl2012> after a SHF, v1 tx should become nonstandard, so non upgraded people won't accidentally spend their coins on the new chain
<instagibbs> jl2012, in a non-malicious variant, ok
<Taek> generally speaking the incentives are not aligned correctly when people start talking about paxos-style algorithms
<jl2012> you mean it's ok to allow old wallet to spend, in a non-malicious SHF?
<instagibbs> no, I was asking what scenario you are thinking of
<jl2012> problem is non-upgraded wallets will see their tx never confirmed, and may try to resend with a different UTXO
<instagibbs> I understand
<jl2012> it's suggested by adam3us
<kanzure> neha: thanks
<instagibbs> if miners are evil they just won't allow newer transaction versions, which doesn't allow it. But hopefully every non Evil person would just ignore that chain.
<instagibbs> softfork away
<neha> taek: yes, it' sa different model.
<kanzure> neha: "dynamically forming hash power-proportionate consensus groups representing recently-successful block miners" okay this sounds like bitcoin-ng and weak blocks and stuff
<neha> kanzure: yep they say they use an idea from there
<Taek> (beat me to posting the same quote lol)
<neha> i have not dug into it yet, just curious if it's come up here yet
<kanzure> Taek: the truth is that we are really all the same person
<nsh> other-me is lying. belay that
<kanzure> which one is the other you?
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* nsh strikes the zen gong
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<instagibbs> I do like how bsm117532 has gotten old and cynical quite fast on the "new ideas" front. Feels like yesterday when I was chiding him for Yet Another DAG idea.
<Taek> it's a curse of the channel. The price of wizardlyness is eternal pessimism.
<kanzure> i would call it a sort of pragmatic optimism
<nsh> you might consider it respect for complexity, rather than pessimism towards human artifice
<nsh> we have some appreciation for the formidable journey, but we still strive forward
<Luke-Jr> you can't softfork out v1 transactions!
<Luke-Jr> who knows how many nLockTime'd transactions are out there
<kanzure> huh? can't you count?
<kanzure> oh right....
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<bsm1175321> Ha! I've been cynical of new ideas long before I showed up here ;-)
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<bsm1175321> Jeremy_Rand_2: so the consensus hash of sec. 4.5 of the paper you cite has been discussed here before. More commonly people here talk of UTXO set commitments. But computing that is difficult and work is ongoing. It looks like their Consensus Hash is a poor-man's kind of UTXO set commitment. I don't understand why a trusted source is needed...why not just commit to it in each block?
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<jl2012> thanks!
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<brand0> bsm117532, I believe the thinking is that a trusted source is the only way to achieve SPV
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<bsm1175321> brand0: I don't understand why...
<brand0> why what?
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<bsm1175321> SPV requires a trusted source, once you have UTXO set commitments or their Consensus Hash idea...
<bsm1175321> s/^/Why /
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<brand0> because how can you validate the consensus hashes without parsing the bitcoin blockchain
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<bsm1175321> A UTXO set commitment (I'm thinking) is a commitment to the entire history of transactions.
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<gmaxwell> ebfull and I are about to perform the first Zero-Knowledge Contingent Payment (zkcp) live on the bitcoin network as part of a demo he's doing at FC16.
<gmaxwell> you can join ##zkcp to watch in IRC.
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<Jeremy_Rand_2> bsm117532: the issue is that the consensus hash they're using is placed in an OP_RETURN output by users of the system; it's not a consensus softfork and it's not part of the coinbase
<Jeremy_Rand_2> so if you want to figure out if the hash is correct, you need to either parse the entire blockchain yourself (not a lightweight client), or you need to find a trusted source to tell you a correct consensus hash
<bsm1175321> Ah I see. Makes sense, AFAIK no one has made a working UTXO set commitment code yet.
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<gmaxwell> there have been several implementations, but they have a large performance impact; enough to make their value questionable.
<gmaxwell> bootstraping off a commitment is SPV security; the usecases where SPV security is enough and not enough are perhaps somewhat narrow. :)
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<Jeremy_Rand_2> What bothers me is that Onename has been repeatedly claiming that their so-called consensus hash enables "SPV-like" functionality, which I think is misleading since to get lightweight functionality with it, you need a trusted source to give you a consensus hash
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<andytoshi> hi gmaxwell, i'm at the FC16 conference watching the demo. sipa is filming, not sure if he'll be able to chat
<andytoshi> ebfull is doing the presentation now, looks good
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<Luke-Jr> sipa is a videographer? :o
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<coinoperated> he has a smartphone, doesn't he?
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<Anduck> what if coinA and coinB make 2-2 multisig to timelock coins / something and use ZKCP to swap the coins? could it be done
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<zorba_tg> gmaxwell: Great read. Can the following be acomplished with ZKCP: A payment, bigger then the block reward, will be sent in return to a block solution?
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<gmaxwell> zorba_tg: as in paying people to withold blocks?
<wallet42> zorba_tg: that's interesting.
<wallet42> unfortunatly your transaction has to be mined into a block
<wallet42> and you dont know the prevblock then
<wallet42> so you can not ask someone to create a block on top of the block your transaction is mined into
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<zorba_tg> gmaxwell: more generaly, can ZKCP allow an atomic payment to a miner in return for including specific data in block?
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<gmaxwell> No-- the payment only begins after the information is in the possession of the seller. Though transaction fees accomplish what you're describin.
<gmaxwell> describing*
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<gmaxwell> kanzure: where is ajtowns writeup of that single show signature?
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<gmaxwell> found it
<aj> gmaxwell: "The GGPR'12 cryptosystem requires a trusted setup, but for the ZKCP application this is no real limitation since the buyer can perform it." -- not sure if it's a different system, but my understanding was that if the buyer chooses the params, they could construct them so that the proofs leaked information
<aj> gmaxwell: in any event, very cool
<gmaxwell> aj: thats not the case.
<gmaxwell> unless there is some new paper I'm unaware of, but it's hard to see how thats possible.
<gmaxwell> The last step in the prover is to randomize the proof, and any valid proof value should be equally probable at the end.
<kanzure> also, single-show stuff was discussed here http://gnusha.org/bitcoin-wizards/2015-11-24.log
<gmaxwell> aj: now, the party that does the setup could trivially construct fake proofs against their verification key.
<kanzure> and the party that does setup, instead of choosing to construct fake proofs, could more easily cheat by picking a hash and preimage through less complex means. but this is basically back to selling hash preimages without the zero-knowledge aspects.
<aj> gmaxwell: i'll take your word for it. (the only reference that i found as to what "trusted" actually meant for this was about as authoritative as an irc snippet, and i don't even remember what paper it was in)
<gmaxwell> aj: Theorem 6 of the GGPR'12 paper, its on page 26.
<kanzure> does tiernolan know about -wizards